简单来说,论文的提纲就是文章整体的一个骨架,通常是将文章的主要内容的框架显现出来,让人能够更清楚地了解文章各部分的一个大概内容。因此英文论文也不例外,也有提纲和相关格式要求,下面就为大家简单介绍一下。
这里给大家整理了一个比较常见的英文论文提纲格式,可参考如下:
I. Introduction
引入论文的主题
陈述论点
II. Body. Main Idea
写一个主题句(论文的论点)
支持这个论点:数据,事实,例子
解释它们与你的论文有何关联
III. Body. Main Idea
写一个主题句(论文的分论点)
支持这个论点:数据,事实,例子
解释它们与你的论文有何关联
IV. Body. Main Idea
写一个主题句(论文的分论点)
支持这个论点,或者用数据、事实、例子来解释为什么相反的论点不起作用
解释它们与你的论文有何关联
V. Conclusion
总结所有要点
重申你的论点
增加号召力:你希望读者在读完你的文章后做什么
关于论文提纲的写作就是要灵活,结构清晰合理,可以进行适当地删减,并没有一个硬性的格式与要求规定,跟据作者自身写作大概方向来看即可。下面给大家分享一个英文论文提纲范例,可进行参考,如下:
ESSAY OUTLINE EXAMPLE
I. Introduction
Topic question: Is downloading music without permission theft?
●There are many arguments on this subject.
●Invention of the internet and copying of audi-ile formats made downloadingand sharing music very easy.
Thesis statement: Downloading music for free is equal to stealing,
II. Main ldea #1: Downloading music for free is a legal issue.
A. Supporting points:
●Theft is taking something from someone who is the rightful owner withouttheir permission.
●Artists own the rights to their own music.
●Music is under copyright + Music is intellectual property, and taking it withoutpermission should be considered a criminal act.
III. Main Idea #2: Downloading music for free is an ethical issue.
A. Supporting points:
●Principles of morality, i.e. what is right and what is wrong.
●There is no difference between taking the music for free off the internet andtaking it for free out of a store.
●Intellectual property should be treated the same way as tangible property.
IV. Main Idea #3: Downloading music for free results in a loss of income.
A. Supporting point:
●Musicians love making music →but if people download their music for free,music won't be a stable source of income, record companies will also losemoney.
●Therefore many jobs related to the music industry will be affected.
●Talent will be underdeveloped→so, downloading music without permission will lead to fewer good musicians→we'll have less good music to listen to.
V. Conclusion
●Downloading music for free is wrong both ethically and morally, and deprives both the artist and the recording companies of income.
●Restate Thesis: Downloading music for free is equal to stealing.