在很多医学论文中都会用到统计学的一些东西，因为医学的数据也有很多，作者在撰写论文的时候都需要对这些数据加以整理，然后再利用。在做数据的时候，一般都会做一些表格，同样是表格，但是有的作者做的却不尽人意。有时候因为表格不规范而导致整篇文章的质量度下降，从而与核心期刊失之交臂，那么医学论文中统计数据表格的规范有哪些呢?
表格是记录数据或事物分类等的一种有效表达方式,因其具有简洁、清晰、准确、逻辑性和对比性强的特点,因此表格选择得当、设计规范,可使文章篇幅更紧凑、论述更清晰。另外,对表格力求结构简洁。目前科技论文中表格推荐使用三线表。医学论文撰写要求表格在文中应紧接在第1次涉及它的相关文字段后面,或编排在同一页内,一般应先在文中叙述“见表1…”、“如表2…所示”,然后排表。而有的论文中常出现“如下表所示”、“见左表”的错误表述。
未使用三线表或在三线表中栏头加斜线、横竖分隔线是医学论文较常见的错误。通常三线表的规范化要求是:表格只有三条线:即顶线、底线和栏目线,必要时可加辅助线,如表头项目栏分层时,可根据分层数加1~2条划分层次的横线。当项目栏中相邻的两个项目都分层时,也可加分层次的横线,但分层线不宜连贯成一条直线,中间应断开。
表格应具有自明性。表格内容方面常见问题是内容过于复杂或过于简单,或与文字叙述的是相同内容。一般统计学表格内容设计的原则是:张表最好只列入一个内容。列入表内的有关资料应以能说明该内容为中心,如表中列出的几组反应均为阴性,则用简短文字概括叙述即可,不必采用表格。如果仅用一两句话即可说明的问题,也不必列表;如果表和图叙述同一问题,当讨论的重点是对比事物的隶属关系或对比量的准确程度,则保留表格,删除插图;强调事物的形貌或参量变动的总体趋势,则保留插图,删除表格。
下面我们再来欣赏几篇优秀的医学论文范文：
医学职称论文发表：不同漂白方法治疗无髓变色牙的疗效观察
[摘要]目的：研究3种漂白方法对无髓变色牙的漂白效果，为临床应用提供参考。方法：将96颗无髓变色牙随机分成3组，分别采用过硼酸钠常规漂白联合TREE美白胶外漂白(A组)、TREE美白胶内漂白(B组)、TREE美白胶内外联合漂白(C组)，观察3组有效率。结果：A组有效率90.32%，B组有效率70%，C组有效率91.43%，A组与B组，B组与C组比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：对无髓变色牙应用TREE美白胶外漂白联合其自身或过硼酸钠内漂白的效果优于单独应用TREE美白胶内漂白。
[关键词]牙齿美白胶,过硼酸钠,无髓变色牙,内漂白,外漂白
Abstract： Objective To compare the effect of three bleaching regimens in the treatment of pulpless and discolored teeth. Methods A total of Ninety-six pulpless and discolored teeth were chosen and randomly divided into three groups：group A，which were inside bleached by sodium perborate and outside bleached by TREE bleaching whitening gel;group B，which were inside bleached by TREE bleaching whitening gel;group C，was treated with combined bleaching using TREE bleaching whitening gel both inside and outside the teeth crown.The effectiveness rate was evaluated and recorded.The data were statistically analyzed. Results The effectiveness rate was 90.32% in group A;70% in group B;91.43% in group C.There was significant difference in the bleaching effect among the three groups. Conclusion For pulpless and discolored teeth bleaching，applied with TREE bleaching whitening gel outside bleach combined itself or sodium perborate inside bleach proved to be a better method.
医生评职称论文：胸肌筋膜罩支撑的改良垂直切口乳房上提术
[摘要]目的：提出一种改进的垂直切口乳房上提技术，借助胸肌筋膜罩的支撑，获得持久的手术效果。方法：2010年-2013年，对52例患者(104侧乳房)进行了改良的垂直切口乳房上提术，所有患者均进行了胸肌筋膜罩乳房内部支撑。患者年龄25～42岁，平均为32.5岁。评价指标为手术时间，并发症发生率。结果：平均手术时间为2.1h，并发症发生率为1.61%。无血肿及血清肿发生，未见乳头乳晕的部分或者全部坏死，无乳头乳晕的感觉不良。结论：该术式操作简单，安全性高，手术效果持久，值得推广。
[关键词]乳房下垂,乳房上提术,胸肌筋膜罩,乳房悬吊
Abstract： Objective To present a new technique named the modified vertical mastopexy with the support of prepectoral fascia brassiere for breast mastopexy. Methods From 2010 to 2013， 52 patients (104 breasts) underwent modified vertical mastopexy with the support of internal prepectoral fascia brassiere.The age of the patients ranged from 25 to 42 years，with an average of 32.5 years. The results were assessed on the basis of operation time and complication rate. Results The average time of surgery was 2.1h.The complication rate was 1.61%. There was no hematoma or seroma，no partial or total necrosis of the nipple-areola complex， and none of the patients had a significant loss of nipple sensation. Conclusion This technique is a simple and safe method for mastopexy which can finally achieve a durable effect.
